0 using a PSRAM module. 1. Download all ZXAdvance files for free!ZX Spectrum Emulator for Microsoft Windows, developed under Microsoft . In RustZX these ROMs included in source of the core emulator library mod rustzx_core::zx::roms. g. I was just wondering, has anybody tried running 'ZX Advance' or 'Foon' on the Wiz GBA emulator? You put the original spectrum file (Z80) into it, redefine the keys for each game, press the button and it outputs a . Tested with an extensive suite of ZX Spectrum software. The Z80 library implements a fast, small and accurate emulator of the Zilog Z80. 0 (27 February 2021) Works on Windows 11, Windows 10 and older, 32 and 64 bits Emulates the ZX Spectrum 16k, 48k, 128k, +2, +2A, +3, Timex. An emulator of the 1980s home computer and various clones, that can work on various platforms with . The ZX Spectrum (pronounced "Zed-Ex" from its original British English branding) is an 8-bit personal home computer released in the United Kingdom in 1982 by Sinclair Research Ltd. bat” or the “parallax. Maintainer: [email protected]. The CodeFiles project of the folder contains a Code. I would prefer C or C++ running on Windows, Javascript running on the web or Electron. Oh and the “mod_player. You can play any games, demos, use original hardware, you name it. It offers support for all Sinclair ZX Spectrum models and most clones. ZX Spectrum +2. It accurately emulates Spectrum 48k, 128k, +2/+2A/+3, and Pentagon, and supports SNA/Z80/SZX snapshots, TAP/TZX/PZX tape files, TRD/SCL/DSK disk files and RZX replay files. View, compare, and download zx spectrum emulator at SourceForgeHandheld PCs and Palm-size PCs running Windows CE 2. Which ZX Spectrum emulator is compatible ? r/SBCGaming • WIP: Made a version of Betamax theme for my RG353M. Features. A modern-day ZX Spectrum OS rewritten from scratch in ARM assembly (aarch64) to run natively on Raspberry Pi 400. Subscribe. Also, allows to enable the TURBO WHILE PLAYING mode, that makes the emulator run at the maximum possible speed while the tape is running, allowing to do a fast load even with protected tapes. SEGA Genesis: Blastem. The port correctly loads and runs some many games I have around in the p format. x. The emulator can load any of the formats supported by libspectrum (3) — this includes Z80, SNA and SZX snapshots, and PZX, TAP and TZX virtual-tape files. Stars. z80asm file: In Solution Explorer, right-click the Code. mac-spectacle-155. The original ZX Spectrum 128 is another very pretty machine, but also somewhat elusive. interesting seeing is that, afaik, among all these emulators, only WebMSX and Javatari, both from Paulo Peccin, supports imagefiles host in another. Promise. z80asm file: In Solution Explorer, right-click the Code. 61 stars Watchers. Teensy 4. Tested with an extensive suite of ZX Spectrum software. and then start the tape. " This project is really awesome if you take into account hardware limitations. x-win32-setup. Fuse is free software, released under the GNU General Public License. img. [30/09/97] Warajevo ZX Spectrum Emulator version 2. "This is a Pac-Man emulator for the Sinclair Spectrum +2A/+3. It emulates the main Spectrum models - the 48K, 128K, +2, +2A and +3 versions are. 10K views 3 years ago. To create your first Z80 assembly program, follow these steps: Create a new ZX Spectrum 48 project (see details here ). This build centers around the mighty Teensy 4. 5 MHz ZX Spectrum, with purely monochrome graphics. com, Apr 21, 2012 - Computers - 204 pages. To run a ROM on ZX Spectrum Emulator, open the emulator and select “File” from the menu. EXE utility). Programs written in 6800 assembly can be run in the emulator. Fairly feature packed, it also includes an assembler that. EXE and add ROMs to the list. It supports the new RZX input recording file format. Fri Apr 26, 2013 4:34 pm. [Jürgen] then. Console; Handheld; Arcade; Computer; Console. [Jürgen] then. The bare metal approach to emulation has a number of benefits as well as drawbacks. ZX Spectrum; ZX Spectrum 48k NTSC; ZX Spectrum Pentagon; Microdigital TK-90X; Microdigital TK-95; MSX-1; Toshiba HX-10P; Toshiba HX-10S;. Provides the same functionality as the 6C001-7 Sinclair ULA. Some of the features of this emulator: Run in Windows (DirectDraw or GDI) and Linux (SDL 1. JSSpeccy 3 a ZX Spectrum emulator in the browser. ZX Spectrum emulator. Run ZX Spectrum on ESP32. Currently, this is the only method to input multi-line. August 7, 2019. The CodeFiles project of the folder contains a Code. ZX Spectrum EMU: ZX Spectrum seagal112: Thread: Others. help get this running on my windows 11 laptop. 1 GET GOING Setting up your ZX Spectrum + &t Tuning in your TV m Setting up troubleshooter ш What your ZX Spectrum + can do ш How to use ready-to-run software 8i How to load a program ш SoftwareFuse is a Sinclair ZX Spectrum emulator. The ZX Spectrum’s screen memory is a complex beast, if you’re not used to how it works. Many more are available, and several will be added during later revisions of this FAQ. Note: This section does not explain the ZX BASIC language, but the usage of its compiler: ZXB. That’s leagues ahead of the 3. Back then, the Spectrum is one hot machine with its color. A ZX spectrum 48K/128K emulator running on ESP32 powered Lilygo TTGo VGA32 v1. tzx files, has sound and kempston joystick emulation, and emulates various printers you could attach to the Spectrum. Guardians and Marauders have coexisted secretly on Earth. Objects that on a real Spectrum move one pixel every frame will move smoothly at a rate of one pixel every 20ms. 1. No need for custom extens. reset. Embedded roms can be opted-out from the core library by. A ZX Spectrum emulator. It's also the best for the Mac, when run under WINE :) deKay-- Lofi Gaming. Saving to SZX, Z80 and SNA snapshots and TZX. Changes to Controls In previous versions of Spectaculator, control selection (Keyboard/Kempston Joystick/Sinclair Joystick etc. ZX Raspberry is a bare metal Sinclair ZX Spectrum emulator for the Raspberry Pi, that is, an emulator that runs natively on the Raspberry Pi hardware without the need for an operating system. The magazine build uses a small Python script to read. ZX Spectrum +2. Whilst the games (Manic Miner and Starstrike II were the two I remember trying out. x-win32-setup. Disassembler for Zilog and/or Intel/TDL nmemonics Instruction, I/O and Data Breakpoinits, Single Step, Trace, IO intercept. z80asm file, and invoke the Run Z80 program command: Note: You can use the Ctrl+M, Ctrl+R double shortcut keys to. MZX Spectrum Emulator for Archimedes/RISC OS. Dragon-32-Rpi-Bare-Metal (Dragon 32 Emulator) Like the Sinclair ZX Spectrum, the Dragon 32 was a UK-built computer, assembled in factories in Wales. 10. I'm converting a Sinclair Spectrum 128 ZX +2 into a Raspberry Pi -powered computer and I'm using a Teensy 3. sna, and . Get the latest version. • Supports. 3/ZSDOS computer. 1 processors. An emulator almost always needs to run on a machine that is many times faster than the machine to be emulator, and that 80MHz processor is perfect for the job. Modern PCs use USB, often with a polling rate of 8ms (the fastest possible for USB1. See all ZX Spectrum emulators and play your favorite ZX Spectrum games on PC or phone using emulators such as RetroArch, Fuse, RetroArch, ZX Spectrum 4, zx32, ZX Spectrum 4. Latest version 1. Even though they're discontinued and a little old now, they should still run. ZX Spectrum online emulator. • Supports iPhone 5 and iPod touch 5th generation screen. To play ZX Spectrum games online, all you need is a compatible web browser and an internet connection. high-performance and rich features ZX-Spectrum emulator for WinNT platform. zxsp is a simulator for the Sinclair ZX Spectrum, Sinclair ZX81, Jupiter ACE and, in the near future, Timex Sinclair home computer families from the 80's of the last century for Mac OSX. sna: ZX Spectrum snapshot (. BIN or . My issue is that the emulator runs like 5 times faster than it should, and there is no way that I have found to slow it down. 1/LC but even more powerful with its whopping 600MHz clock speed! The pin functionality is slightly different compared to the other versions. The system requirements for ZX Spin are relatively modest. File formats are often direct images of memory structures, thus the 'convoluted storage' may simply be an artefact of how the emulator was optimized. Implements most of the functionality of a 48K Sinclair ZX Spectrum. emulator zx-spectrum ay-3-8910 stm32f407 Updated Dec 20, 2020; C. Although you can use the keyboard of the PC to enter a program — provided, the ZX Spectrum Emulator window has the focus — if you’re not familiar with the Spectrum keys and BASIC editor, it may frustrate you while entering the code. spconv is a ZX Spectrum snapshot files conversion program, useful for ZX Spectrum emulators. A PC with a Windows operating system. Of course, programs run from the shell (such as a ZX Spectrum emulator) will still detect that Windows is running and act accordingly, but emulation will be a lot faster and more accurate. Yes, we’re talking about the Pico ZX Spectrum project. Fuse is a Sinclair ZX Spectrum emulator. Zxb. For Emulators that emulate the 3DS itself, see PC utilities. 0 – New version for the Multiplatform ZX Spectrum Emulator. 0 emulated Z80 ZCPR3. This is an emulator of the Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer running on Espressif ESP32 SoC powered boards. Core features at a glance: Start / stop function; Audio on/off; Simple file upload (. ) While I am the primary author of JZX, I did use the source of the two emulators above as inspiration or I manually translated pieces of it from C to Java. Rom/ZxSpectrum. How to use ZX Spectrum Emulator Using ZX Spectrum Emulator is relatively straightforward. Emulator contains ROMs, created by by Sinclair Research Ltd (now owned by Amstrad plc), Amstrad has given permission to distribute their ROM's in conjunction with emulators. Saving to SZX, Z80 and SNA snapshots and TZX. The CPU core was borrowed from work by [Arlet Ottens] and extended with 65C02 functionality by [Ed Spittles] and [David Banks]. 13th August 2020, 08:40 PDT. Saving to SZX, Z80 and SNA snapshots and TZX. 6 (2005) Version 4. I have hard times finding a ZX Spectrum emu that could do the "job". Fuse (Free Unix Spectrum Emulator) by Philip Kendall. . Download zxED for free. 5. 04 LTS also capable of running an X Server using X410. 74 on a microcontroller, and the hardware development environment is. Autoload tapes. Post your memories and celebrate 38 years of the Speccy here. 550. Allows you to use PS3 and PS4 Dual Shock controllers, Xbox 360, One and Series controllers. For a ZX Spectrum core for libretro, see the Fuse core. hqx [24-Sep-1996] Mac Spectacle, a ZX Spectrum emulator for the Macintosh, version 1. Far from dead and forgotten, a thriving community of enthusiasts has kept the spirit of this little machine alive through an enormous range of emulators for just. Start. Here, you will create and run a simple BASIC program. 0, Windows 7 64bit). Scroll down to Controls in the Quick Menu. zx. In text mode, that’s only 32 columns x 24 rows of text. ZX Spectrum Next is to expensive for what it is anyway, like the Ultimate 64, Mega 65, all these homebrew computers are cause they are not made by a company. Unreal Speccy. Needs System 7, an 68020+ or PowerPC, Color QuickDraw, and. e. (SBCs) and handheld emulators. BARE METAL ZX SPECTRUM EMULATOR FOR THE RASPBERRY PI:. 1 allows 1 or 2 PSRAM chip(s) underneath and had embedded uSD card slot. Emulates: 16K / 48K / 128K / +2 / +2A / +3 ZX. Full Source and readme included in archive. BAS text file to a binary . I'm currently using Spectaculator on Windows, but it does not come with source. And it also runs new software created more recently to make use of expanded hardware, including new graphics modes and faster processor speeds. One of my earliest memories I remember is sitting with my Dad, reading the manual to work out the magic commands to load the games from cassette tape. 0. More than 2,500 backers have chipped in to the project so far. 5. tzx; it puts it into the TapeFiles folder. To create your first Z80 assembly program, follow these steps: Create a new ZX Spectrum 48 project (see details here ). The game is set in the Pacific theater of World. ZEsarUX 7. Paul Stoffregen did it again: the Teensy 4. In the official PI's magazine The MagPI #67 a simple build appeared how to connect a Spectrum 48k/Spectrum+ or 128k (not +2a/+3) using the GPIO pins. It is one of the oldest Speccy emulators made for PC (the oldest is the one by Pedro Gimeno, dated in 1989; also, according to the information gathered in the popular ZX-site World of Spectrum, there are others about the same age, such as Z80. Zxb. new emus for Teensy41: Vic20 and Apple2 based on aiie! This probably sounds a bit sideways going backwards but I have for a long time used Spectrum emulators on my Amiga. Older versions: v1, v2v1, v2With a TAP file ready, the next step is to load the image using a ZX Spectrum emulator. tzx format is also supported. Now you can go back to the 80s and enjoy the 48k and 128k version of ZX Spectrum online. Full title, Crack Down. When you inject and run ZX BASIC code, the virtual machine returns to the $12AC (ZX Spectrum 48 main execution cycle) address and waits for a keypress. As regular readers know, the Vega+ is the flagship product of Retro Computers Ltd, the company which took £513,000 in crowdfunded cash from members of the public. Spectrum Next is an expanded and updated version of the ZX Spectrum, fully compatible (software and hardware) with the original. Saving to SZX, Z80 and SNA snapshots and TZX and. I would say that SpecEmu is the most accurate win10 spectrum emulator (though perhaps not the most user friendly). 0. tzx format is also supported. Title NH2 Description. It emulates the 48K/128K/+2/+2A/+3 Speccy and Timex TC2048 machine, supports loading from . emulator raspberry-pi arduino terminal graphics ansi z80 retrocomputing cpm z80-emulator gsx cp-m. Once you do, BlastEm is arguably the most accurate. Saving to SZX, Z80 and SNA snapshots and TZX. In fact, some of the screenshots he posted on his blog seem to. Great app, although I have a problem with. While recognizable by the rainbow motif on the original and subsequent models, few original. You have to press Scroll Lock to switch to the natural keyboard before you can use the standard exit button to quit the. 1 (2012) Version 5. Double click ROMs in the list to change the controls, or ROM name. 6800 Emulator runs on Teensy 4 processor 6800/ET-3400 Emulator, designed for the Teensy 4. Despite the name, also runs on non-Unix systems including Windows and Mac OS X. I want to download and play ZX Spectrum ROMs and to download ZX Spectrum Emulator for my PC (windows) to start playing these vintage games once again. stop / start. When a game says to stop the tape, open the Hardware dropdown in Speccy and click on Start or stop tape. SNA and . The bare metal approach to emulation has a number of benefits as well as drawbacks. i have . answered Apr 9, 2020 at 12:49. As well as emulating the machines themselves, various add-on interfaces are supported, including storage devices, hi-res graphics, custom character. This can be used to set breakpoints or the like. ZX Spin is compatible with Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 10, as well as Linux operating systems. 3/ZSDOS. Poke is a simple instruction on spectrum that changes the value of a memory position: Poke address, value. that runs at a blazing 100MHz. Features include sound. 11-17-2019, 09:38 AM #5 muro 702. The images below shows the ULA tests I have run to check the implementation: ulatest3 tests the memory and I/O contention as well as the floating bus state, the results looks correct. This way, you can load games for the ZX Spectrum micro and a few. Changes to Controls In previous versions of Spectaculator, control selection (Keyboard/Kempston Joystick/Sinclair Joystick etc. It can act both as a compiler or as a translator: When used as a compiler (this is the default behavior) it will convert a . Create a folder "games" in the folder wherein Fuse is installed. access the hard disk. Saves . saberman. Of course, there is nothing difficult in making the BIOS running the native code. The Spectrum+ is primarily an external upgrade to the original 48k machine, featuring a. Rather than sitting back and twiddling his thumbs when he was done, he decided to fill his spare time by porting Fuze, a ZX Spectrum emulator, to the Raspberry Pi. see into Sinclair ZX Spectrum world ;-). e. In RustZX these ROMs included in source of the core emulator library mod rustzx_core::zx::roms. Hit Enter to start a new line. . Size:. Based on the. Access over 3000 games online! All Sincalir models are emulated, 16k, 48k, 128k,+2,. For source code, downloads, embedding on your own site: JSSpeccy 3 on GitHub. This is the Z80 Emulator Version 1. Handheld PCs and Palm-size PCs running Windows CE 2. Speccy is a remarkably complete emulator. Requires a 68020 or above, native chipset, Workbench 3. Build this with the Arduino IDE 2. This sub is for fans of the Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer. Saving to SZX, Z80 and SNA snapshots and TZX. 2 available as the fuse and fuse-utils package, with thanks to. The Free Unix Spectrum Emulator ( Fuse) is an emulator of the 1980s ZX Spectrum home computer and its various clones for Unix, Windows and macOS. Install Fuse by running the installer file and follow instructions. If you’re using a mobile device, it might be. This option should not be used when using the `WSpecEm’ or `ZX-32′ Spectrum emulator! Paleotronic newcomer David Stephenson looks back at the ingenious and quirky video inside Richard Altwasser's Magnum Opus. FUSE is a ZX Spectrum emulator that provides accurate emulation of various models, including the 16K, 48K, 128K, +2, +2A, and +3, including the NTSC variant. Az EP128 az olcsósított kivitele ellenére is az egyik legkedvesebb gépem, emiatt az áron alul meghirdetett kártyára azonnal lecsaptam. ZX Spin. To run the emulator, you’ll need a computer with at least a 1 GHz processor, 512 MB of RAM, and a graphics card that supports OpenGL 2. The ZX-Key Keyboard The keyboard layout is based around the 8x5 matrix format found on the Sinclair ZX81 and ZX Spectrums, which makes sense as that's what it's designed to be used with. The CPU core was borrowed from work by [Arlet Ottens] and extended with 65C02 functionality by [Ed Spittles] and [David Banks]. This would normally load a small BASIC loader, sometimes containing more sophisticated (and normally faster) custom loading routines. One of the best Speccy emulators, ZEsarUX, features support for the Spectrum Next. Advertisements. Input lag is a major one. It is probably the Default Pulse Audio Drivers in the Rpi Wheezy Image causing the Issue (Present in Wheezy Image: 2012-12-16-wheezy-raspbian), which play havoc with many Programs that don’t facilitate their use (e. If you --fastload option before launching, game will be launched, in other case press Insert to insert tape. [30/09/97] Warajevo ZX Spectrum Emulator version 2. . Initially named T/S 2000 (as reflected on the user manual), the machine evolved into the T/S 2048 prototype, and was eventually released as T/S 2068, with the name chosen mainly for marketing reasons. Includes Wanted! Monty Mole, Skate Crazy, Thing Bounces Back Gremlin Graphics Vol. Intro When I was around 8-9 years old, I received a Sinclair ZX Spectrum home computer for my birthday. In this mode, the ZX Spectrum runs unbraked, i. You can use ZEsarUX on Windows, Mac, Linux, and. For loading tape in 48K mode, press j then Ctrl+p twice, as on real Spectrum. Speccy can emulate most games for Spectrum in their 48, 128, and 48k versions. You can play any games, demos, use original hardware, you name it. When you upload the code, you have the option to configure your Teensy 3. The first ZX spectrum, released in 1982 introduced the rubber keys and diminutive size of the iconic classic computer. 3V pin, but this can be done with special modificaton. This core is courtesy of leiradel, who personally ported this. Next we should make it start in full screen. 2 to as a USB HID. 1 GET GOING Setting up your ZX Spectrum + &t Tuning in your TV m Setting up troubleshooter ш What your ZX Spectrum + can do ш How to use ready-to-run software 8i How to load a program ш SoftwareTeensy 4. It supports the new RZX input recording file format. 0), since it contains code made available under multiple GPL-compatible licenses. Spectemu is a fast and accurate emulator of the original 48k ZX spectrum. 1. Can be created by most emulators, but never displayed. It emulates all that is known to date about this CPU, including the undocumented behaviors, MEMPTR, Q and the special RESET. + - AY-8912 sound emulation. RunCPM - Z80 CP/M emulator. The PicoMEM is designed as a way to run Emulated ISA boards on a real PC. It will run in multitasking mode only under RISC. All modern emulators are capable of accelerated loading of TZX files, which is a frequently unapproachable task for older DOS emulators, let alone real Spectrum machines where there was no other option except waiting about 5 minutes till the loading is complete. However, the game can run more smoothly on 7, 14, and 28MHz ZX Spectrum compatibles . Paleotronic newcomer David Stephenson looks back at the ingenious and quirky video inside Richard Altwasser's Magnum Opus. TZX file so that you could load it into a ZX Spectrum emulator, or into a real hardware, such as a ZX Spectrum Next, or ZX Spectrum. 2 USB Development Board for mapping the original keyboard with the original membrane and get a normal USB keyboard. There is a reason for that - it is absolutely excellent! Spectaculator emulates each model of the ZX Spectrum including: Standard 16K / 48K ZX Spectrum. Z80-MBC2 Emulator running on TTGO ESP VGA32. The IDE creates a new project with a few files and folders: File/Folder. Edits the blocks of ZX-Spectrum emulator files [a block is a part of a cassette file; most files are. org Port Added: 2003-10-29 16:23:39 Last Update: 2022-09-07 21:58:51 Commit Hash: fb16dfe Also Listed In: devel License: GPLv2 Description:. • Supports iPhone 5 and iPod touch 5th generation screen. ZX Spectrum Emulator supports several types of ROMs, including . 0 has been released. ZX Spectrum +3. As the documentation says: don't care. 1 October 1999, 00:23 GMT: Re: Tezxas - ZX Spectrum Emulator for 89 adamb : well, all i really wish to say is that there was a Chip8 emulator released for the. Fuse For Mac OS X. 14350 Attribute byte 4 fetch, 19th and 20th pixel output. Little benownst to the world all this time, GoldenEye (N64) has a fully-functional ZX Spectrum 48x emulator built into it. This site's mission is to create a full historical archive for the ZX Spectrum, its hardware, software, magazines, books and the industry that created it all, as a completely free museum. This means. M. Fri Apr 26, 2013 4:34 pm. This sub is for fans of the Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer. To avoid such chaffing, use the ZX Spectrum Keyboard. It's an artefact. Passes standard ULA benchmark tests (floatspy, Brendan’s Diagnostic ROM etc. M. 0 is the same size and footprint as the Teensy 3. This file stores the configuration information about the selected ZX Spectrum model. The Spectrum was such a popular machine, and its power so small…5 Items. ZX Spectrum 4 lets you emulate retro game consoles. Spectaculator gives you the most authentic ZX Spectrum experience available on your iPhone, iPod and iPad, and comes with lots of additional features: • Universal App - runs on iPhone, iPod and iPad. Power Consumption When running at 600 MHz, Teensy 4. 1 MCU. SAVE * "file") with capacity of about 700kB. Includes Halls of the Things, Dark Star, Forbidden Planet Gremlin Graphics Vol. Play over 320 million tracks for free on SoundCloud. In the same way as Nintendo 64, you'll need specialized hardware to back up your SEGA Genesis/Mega Drive cartridges. ZX Spectrum 1987, Capcom Co. F4 send you to a menu. Contribute to martinsustek/teensyzx development by creating an account on GitHub. To create your first Z80 assembly program, follow these steps: Create a new ZX Spectrum 48 project (see details here ). I think the latest version is at: Reply T-COMPUTER has VGA and TFT video out, Audio out, USB input, embedded 42 keys keyboard and a DB9 joystick input! now supported on T-COMPUTER: Apple2, Vic20, C64, Atari800, ZX81, ZXSpectrum, Atari ST, Amiga, Colecovision, Odyssey, NES, SMS, Genesis and Doom. SNA and . The example that we leave you as an emulator close to metal is the ZXBaremulator, among its features we can highlight: Precise emulation of the 48K, 128K and +2A models. In this article, we will delve into the captivating realm of ZX Spectrum game emulators, exploring their significance, functionality, and the top five emulators that. Post your memories and celebrate 38 years of the Speccy here. under full CPU load. ZX Spectrum +3. Active branches are master and devkit-custom Topics. TZX file you can later run on your Spectrum or in a ZX. I found it doesn't run everything perfectly however. z80asm file, and invoke the Run Z80 program command: Note: You can use the Ctrl+M, Ctrl+R double shortcut keys to. org #8000 ld a,2; ; upper screen call #1601 ; open the channel ld hl,Message ; HL points. SpectNetIDE provides a Keyboard Tool window to help you using the ZX Spectrum Keyboard. 6ms for five frames, then sit still for a. exe) Copy the installer file (fuse-1. ZEsarUX 7. Checkerboard filter. CU. Fuse is a Sinclair ZX Spectrum emulator. Fuse is a Sinclair ZX Spectrum emulator. The recommended maximum for external 3.